Quapaw

This year, the Quapaw Nation in Oklahoma started working on a holistic defense program after seeing a sharp increase in cases following a U.S.

The Supreme Court case involved the Muscogee reservation, but later rulings upheld the historic reservations of other Native American tribes in Oklahoma, including the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Quapaw and Seminole nations.

Since then, lower courts have found the reservations of five other Native American tribes were also never disestablished, including the Chickasaw, Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole and Quapaw.

In contrast, 39 percent of Osage and 54 percent of Quapaw men from Oklahoma did.

The charges stem from a forensic audit and investigation that was initiated in June 2020 by the Quapaw Nation Gaming Authority.