QCD

The idea behind the QCD theory is that dark matter could be thousands and thousands of times lighter than any of the particles we currently know about and acts more like a wave.

Immediately following the Big Bang, physicists estimate, based on QCD, that the universe was an immensely hot plasma of quarks and gluons that then quickly cooled and combined to produce protons and neutrons.

This somewhat simplified version for computers is called lattice QCD.

In the case of the QCD group's experiments, they were able to obtain a single-shot fidelity of 61.8% with a readout duration of roughly 14 microseconds.

There is now a sizable difference between lattice QCD predictions and the data-driven ones derived from empirical experiments.