�ʴǾ��Գ�����é conjecture

The 2000 proclamation gave $7 million worth of reasons for people to work on the seven problems: the Riemann hypothesis, the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture, the P versus NP problem, the Yang-Mills existence and mass gap problem, the �ʴǾ��Գ�����é conjecture, the Navier-Stokes existence and smoothness problem, and the Hodge conjecture.

Yet despite the fanfare and monetary incentive, after 21 years, only the �ʴǾ��Գ�����é conjecture has been solved.

In 2002 and 2003 Grigori Perelman, a Russian mathematician then at the St. Petersburg Department of the Steklov Mathematical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, shared work connected to his solution of the �ʴǾ��Գ�����é conjecture online.

According to CMI, the �ʴǾ��Գ�����é conjecture focuses on a topological question about whether spheres with three-dimensional surfaces are “essentially characterized” by a property called “simple connectivity.”

In topology, his proof of the Poincare´ Conjecture in dimension 1, showing that the unit circle is the only simply connected compact 1-manifold without boundary, sent topology into a decade-long tailspin.