JDL

At one point, the U.S. declared the JDL to be a terrorist organization; Kahane, who emigrated to Israel in 1971, was too radical even for his host country, which arrested him 62 times over the next decade.

Manning joined the JDL’s West Coast chapter in 1971 and soon ran afoul of the law.

After the case, he left for Israel, where he renewed his JDL ties and continued to travel back and forth to the U.S.

He was convicted in the 1972 bombing of an Arab activist’s Hollywood home, and sentenced to three years’ probation after disavowing his JDL affiliation in court.

At the time, the JDL was the focus of numerous state and federal investigations and had gained notoriety as an underground network of radical militants, espousing a violent form of Jewish nationalism that mainstream Jewish leaders rejected.