EpiPen

Seren has now required treatment with an EpiPen six times, Gemma said, and there are some food they must try in a hospital setting, but others – such as almonds, prawn, chickpeas and lentils – the family have been told they can try at home.

That and her mother’s cancer medication, the 9-year-old’s EpiPen and their family photo albums.

Mixael Laufer founded the Four Thieves Vinegar Collective — self-described as an “anarchist collective” — to provide free instructions on how to make drugs like the EpiPen, the abortion medication misoprostol, and the opioid-overdose reversal medication naloxone, among others.

Kumar, at the University of Chicago, said an important question to consider is who would be responsible for something like this if it happened with a DIY EpiPen.

“From an ethical and moral perspective that is a very difficult question in terms of responsibility … but it feels wrong to me, at least in an intuitive sense, to say it would be the parents’ fault because they couldn’t afford an EpiPen,” Kumar said.